Picture this scenario: you let your dog out in the backyard, and when you let him in his face is swollen severely. You of course suspect a bee sting, and the response your dog has shown is a form of anaphylaxis, but now what?
Anaphylaxis or an anaphylactic reaction is an allergic/hypersensitivity reaction to a foreign substance. These substances can include vaccines, food proteins, insect bites, medications, chemicals, etc. The pet must have had previous exposure to one of these substances in order for an anaphylactic reaction to occur. The body’s immune system over-reacts to the substance, causing the reaction.
With spring starting, we usually start to see an increase in insect bite reactions, with bees being a primary concern. Vaccine reactions are also a potential—speak to your veterinarian for more information. Clinical signs of an anaphylactic reaction can include itching, red skin, hives, a swollen face, vomiting, diarrhea, pale or blue gums, or collapse, with potential for death if not treated. If your pet experiences any of these symptoms, especially if after a known insect bite, vaccination, new medication, exposure to a chemical, etc, it is important to seek immediate veterinary attention. Anaphylaxis is serious and requires treatment. In some situations the allergic response may be treatable with an antihistamine, but it is always recommended to see your veterinarian first to ensure your pet is not having a serious anaphylactic reaction.
With each exposure to the substance, the reaction will worsen. Therefore, once it is known to cause a reaction, the goal is to prevent future exposure.
Modifications made by Kristen Ferguson, DVM, from “Anaphylaxis in Dogs” Ernest Ward, DVM © Copyright 2009 Lifelearn Inc. Used and/or modified with permission under license.
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